![]() ![]() Exenatide, another promising injectable medication is bound to hit the Indian aisles soon. It is still in infancy stage and in years to come it may be made available to people," says Dr Koul. " An Indian origin scientist has proposed the concept of oral insulin which will make the process of taking insulin less problematic for diabetics. The modes of insulin administration have indeed developed. ![]() Long term safety of this form of insulin though, remains to be established," says Dr Misra. " It has duration of action that can last upto 40 hours, unlike the 18 to 26 hours provided by currently marketed long- acting insulin shots. The new type of insulin shot in the market can be administered via subcutaneous injection and can be given daily or upto three times or more per week to help control the blood sugar levels of those with diabetes. ![]() Some of the newer drugs in this series could be given even when a person has kidney dysfunction or liver malfunction," says Dr Misra. " These drugs act by increasing metabolism of glucose in multiple manners and are virtually free of side- effects. However, this drug should not be used to treat people with type 1 diabetes those who have increased ketones in their blood or urine, or those with moderate or severe renal impairment, end stage renal disease, or patients on dialysis," says Dr Anoop Misra, chairman, Fortis- C- DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology.Īlso, there have been several versatile drugs like the new DPP- IV inhibitors that have been available in India for the last five years. This class of drug could be a useful addition to treatment of diabetes, especially in obese people, as it causes weight loss. The trials have shown an improvement in control of blood sugar levels. " SGLT2 inhibitors block the reabsorption of glucose by the kidney, increase glucose excretion, and lower blood glucose levels. Several promising drugs like Sodium- glucose co- transporter2 ( SGLT2) are expected to hit the Indian aisles soon. A few dietary restrictions are to be followed for the initial few weeks, post which a majority of patients can lead a normal and healthy life without being dependent on insulin shots, he adds. Thus it gives a permanent cure to many patients, from this traditionally regarded as a progressive, unrelenting disease called diabetes," says Dr Peters. The mechanism of action is largely related to bypassing the food to upper part of the intestines and release of certain gut hormones that act on the pancreas, on insulin, its action on the tissues and also end organs. " This procedure is done laparoscopically and the patient is usually fit to go back home in a day or two. While a careful selection criteria procedure is ensured for those who need this, the surgery is endorsed by the International Diabetes Federation, the largest governing body when it comes to diabetes and other related conditions. The remaining 20 per cent also benefit, in terms of reduction of drugs or correction with only oral drugs instead of insulin injections," says Dr Atul NC Peters, director, Institute of Bariatric, Metabolic and Minimal Access Surgery, Fortis Hospital. " It applies to about 80 per cent people suffering from type 2 diabetes. In cases as complicated as these, the only proven tool for complete resolution of diabetes is the metabolic surgery. As a result of which, majority of them end up requiring insulin injections as the damage to heart, kidneys, brain, and eye happens, also called microangiopathy ( disease of small blood vessels). While the main focus on diabetes is about ensuring a good control on diet and drugs, through oral and insulin injections along with weight maintenance, it isn't always the case as many people are unable to achieve that. Though the cure for this condition is still not in sight, there are many ways out there to keep the spike in blood sugar levels at bay and make your life hassle- free. Nevertheless, the emerging treatment methods have much to offer. " Unlike earlier when it used to affect those in their 40s, now it hits people as early as in their 20s and 30s," says Dr Satish Koul, internal medicine specialist, Columbia Asia Hospital. Changed lifestyle patterns and dietary habits have contributed to the increase in diabetes and the age group of the affected is only turning younger. ![]()
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